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For coarse ore-embedded ores, heavy media beneficiation is cost effective. The andalusite mines in South Africa and France are produced using a process of heavy media beneficiation magnetic separation.
A large number of research work and production practices show that the typical beneficiation process of kyanite minerals is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1a shows the process flow of the American Kyanite Mining Company at the Dongling Concentrator in Virginia. The flotation concentrate is first removed by wet strong magnetic separation, and then the dry concentrate is selected to obtain the final concentrate. Before the dry magnetic separation, the kyanite is dried by a boiling furnace and calcined in a rotary kiln, and has the function of removing the coating layer of the mineral surface. This coating causes the particles to coagulate and affect the iron removal effect during magnetic separation. 
Figure 1b shows the beneficiation process of Indian mica-bearing kyanite quartzite . The collector petroleum sulfonate has an average molecular weight of 500. It is said that the process has three major characteristics: no mud removal before flotation; wet magnetic separation to remove iron; strong adaptability. Qualified concentrates can be obtained when processing ore with a kyanite content of 20% to 57% in different producing areas of India.
Figure 1c is a heavy medium beneficiation-magnetic separation process for processing coarse-grained ore in South Africa. The sorting medium has an average density of 2.55 and a separation point density of 2.96. The beneficiation process of the French andalusite mine is similar.
Beneficiation process of high aluminum minerals (kyanite, andalusite, sillimanite)
For very common fine-grained inlays or coarse and unevenly inlaid ores, the general beneficiation process is as follows: crushing→grinding→reverse flotation→positive flotation→magnetic separation→concentrate. Reverse flotation object has two categories: (1) graphite, mica minerals easy to float; (2) pyrite, rutile or titanium, a metal such as iron minerals. Magnetic separation has the distinction of dry magnetic separation and wet magnetic separation. It is also common to remove the mud before grinding, and to remove mud before reverse flotation or flotation.
Figure 1 Flow chart of the beneficiation process of kyanite minerals