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In northern China, drivers often dismantle the car's thermostat on its own in winter. The reason is that due to the operation of the thermostat, when the outside temperature is low (especially during start-up), the cooling water is circulated to a small extent. The water in the water tank is basically in a static state and is prone to freezing. In severe cases, the water tank is cracked.
1. Dismantling the thermostat will make the cooling water temperature uncontrollable When designing the cooling system, the maximum heat dissipation capacity is based on the ability to ensure that the engine is reliable under the most difficult conditions, that is, the load is large, the rotation speed is low, and the outside temperature is high. cool down. Obviously, in the case of small load, high speed, and low outside temperature, the cooling capacity is too large to make the engine too cold. Therefore, there is a need to adjust the cooling intensity of the device, by adjusting the air flow of the radiator or cooling water circulation method to achieve the purpose of adjusting the cooling intensity, to ensure that the engine works in the most suitable range of 80 °C ~ 90 °C. The change of the cooling water circulation route is generally controlled automatically by the thermostat according to the temperature change. When the cooling water is lower than 70°C, the cooling water does not undergo a small cycle by the radiator; when the cooling water temperature is higher than 80°C, it passes through the radiator. And make a big circle. Obviously, when the thermostat is removed, the cooling water must also flow through the radiator radiator when the temperature is low. This will cause the engine to work at a low temperature.
2. After the thermostat is removed, the economy and durability of the engine will be drastically changed. Because there is no thermostat, the engine is often working in a low temperature state, which causes the engine to be in a hot state, and the wear of various parts is increased, and the fuel consumption is increased. According to experiments, the engine is working at a low temperature of 40°C to 50°C, and the wear amount is increased by 30 to 40 times. The service life is greatly shortened. The reason is:
(1) As the temperature is low, the cylinder wall heat dissipation is excessive, and the temperature and pressure of the gas in the cylinder and the thermal efficiency are reduced, which will increase the fuel consumption.
(2) The poor vaporization and atomization of the fuel brings difficulties to the formation of the gas mixture, makes the gas mixture rich, the combustion is incomplete, and a large amount of fuel loss cannot be effectively utilized. As a result, power is reduced and fuel consumption is increased. In severe cases, part of the fuel mixture in the air-fuel mixture condenses on the cylinder wall, scours the oil film on the cylinder wall, and flows into the crankcase, which thins the engine oil and increases wear of parts.
(3) The viscosity of the lubricating oil increases at low temperatures, and the fluidity deteriorates, thereby increasing friction resistance between the crankshaft and the bearing shell, the piston and the cylinder wall, etc., thereby reducing power and increasing fuel consumption.
(4) The steam generated by combustion will be condensed on the cylinder wall due to the low temperature, and the combustion products will be combined with strong corrosive agents, such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and carbonic acid, which will cause strong corrosion to the cylinder wall, pistons, piston rings and other parts. effect.
3. Measures for Operating Freezer Water Tanks with Thermostats The wear of engine cylinders is one of the important bases for whether or not the unit is used for overhauling the engine. It is directly affected by the conditions of use, the level of maintenance, and the driver's operating techniques, of which the effect of temperature is of paramount importance. In order to prolong the service life of the engine and make the engine always in a good technical condition, it is necessary to bring a thermostat to work. The general practice of freezing a tank with a thermostat in the winter is:
(1) Park the vehicle at night in an insulated garage.
(2) Cars parked in the open air, clean the water in the tank.
(3) Add water before start-up, especially for vehicles parked in the open air, add boiling water, release, and add boiling water again to warm up the engine.
(4) Close the shutters and the insulation curtain when starting to reduce the air flow through the radiator.
(5) After starting, a small throttle is required to warm up the engine so that the engine temperature will gradually increase until the temperature reaches above 60°C.
(6) Add antifreeze in cooling water. 
