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The main direction of agricultural green development around the reform of agricultural supply side is gradually clear
[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Golden Autumn October is another good year for a bumper harvest. In the vast rural land, the agricultural machinery is roaring, and the hardworking people are busy getting the particles back.
At present, the national autumn grain harvest has nearly 70%. According to the preliminary forecast of the Ministry of Agriculture, under the background of continuing to adjust and optimize the planting structure this year, the grain output will remain above 12,000 billion jin. At the same time, grain production is closely related to the main line of structural reform of agricultural supply side, and the direction of green development is more clear.
　　 Rotation of fallow, chemical fertilizers and pesticides to reduce the efficiency and make the grain production process greener
In the Songle Minle Village of Jilin Province, this year, the whole village realized the conservation tillage of corn stalks and returned to the fields, and the corn stalks were crushed and covered in the field. Zhang Zhifeng, secretary of the party branch of the village, said: "The water and fertilizer are not lost after the straw is returned to the field. The key land is getting more and more 'strength'. The land that has been returned to the field for 4 years is less fertilized by 25% this year, and the corn yield is increased by 30%. %many."
According to Zeng Yande, Director of the Plantation Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, this year's autumn grain production has undergone new progress. He specifically summarized the changes in three aspects:
Production layout is optimized. The over-exploitation area of ​​groundwater in North China, the source area of ​​wheat stripe rust in southwest China, and the area of ​​susceptible area of ​​Jianghuai scab reduced the area of ​​wheat by more than 5 million mu. At the same time, the promotion of wheat water-saving varieties of 40 million mu.
The rotation of the fallow is progressing steadily. This year, China continued to carry out a trial of the arable land rotation system, and implemented 10 million mu of corn and soybean rotation, an increase of 5 million mu over the previous year, and realized the combination of planting and raising land.
In Hebei's underground funnel area, Hunan's heavy metal pollution area, and severely degraded areas in southwestern and northwestern China, 2 million mu of fallow was implemented, an increase of 840,000 mu over the previous year.
The reduction and increase of chemical fertilizers and pesticides have been further advanced. The Ministry of Agriculture intensively implemented the zero-growth action of chemical fertilizers and pesticide use, selected 200 counties to carry out pilot projects for reducing fertilizer and increasing efficiency, and organic fertilizers replaced chemical fertilizers, showing good momentum; building 600 unified defense and green prevention and control integration demonstration films, green control areas Expanded, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides continued to decrease.
Ethnic seed industry development helps food production
"Weighed it out, 1602 kg." Sun Shiyu, a 53-year-old farmer from Dingyuan County, Anhui Province, told reporters happily that he did not expect the local high temperature for more than 20 days this year, and then it rained for nearly half a month. Such a good harvest, while the same village people used other seeds of 1200 kg per mu.
Sun Shiyu’s home has 40 acres of land. This year, the rice variety he chose was “Liang Liangyou Huazhanâ€, which was recommended by the local government and developed by Yuan Longping Agricultural High-tech Co., Ltd. In terms of wide adaptability, this variety has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, medium and low fertilizer, and less drug fight.
Sun Shiyu’s joy of harvesting shows the important steps taken by the development of ethnic seed industry to help food production. In recent years, some regions have experienced adverse weather effects during the grain production season. Faced with market demand, China's ethnic seed industry continues to develop and innovate, achieving the high yield and quality of independent breeding varieties and protecting the interests of farmers.
Wu Xiaoling, deputy director of the Seeds Administration of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that in recent years, China's seed companies have continuously increased their investment in scientific research and their innovation capabilities have improved significantly. At present, the top 50 research and development investment of seed companies is 1.38 billion yuan, accounting for 7.4% of sales revenue, which is close to the international R&D investment level.
Rationalize structure and industry to increase farmers' income
This year, a total of 79 counties and districts in Hunan Province implemented 10.26 million mu of rice, an increase of 3.5 million mu over last year. Liu Zonglin, director of the Hunan Provincial Agricultural Committee, said that since the mid-September listing, these rice have become “hot-selling goodsâ€, and the growers have increased their income by more than 200 yuan.
On the basis of stabilizing ration varieties, this year China adjusted and optimized the planting structure according to local conditions. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, the area of ​​grain corn is reduced by about 20 million mu, the area of ​​soybeans that are in short supply in the market is about 7 million mu, the amount of miscellaneous grains is about 6 million mu, the amount of silage corn and forage is about 5 million mu, and the number of potatoes is about 200. Ten thousand acres.
Zeng Yande said that the expansion of silage corn, forage and other crops will help promote the deep integration of agriculture and animal husbandry and achieve local transformation. At present, the transformation and processing of corn in the northeastern region has shown a good momentum of development.
At the same time, the area of ​​strong gluten-deficient wheat, which is in short supply in the market, accounted for 27.5%, an increase of 2.8 percentage points over the previous year. The proportion of rice and processing special rice area reached over 80%, an increase of 1.5 percentage points over the previous year.
Not only that, the Ministry of Agriculture has also actively promoted the integration and development of the first, second and third industries, and promoted the connection between production and marketing through order production, which has guaranteed farmers' income and income. The national food crops have an area of ​​420 million mu, an increase of more than 50 million mu. The comprehensive planting area of ​​rice fields reached more than 24 million mu, an increase of 2 million mu over the previous year.