Vanadium beneficiation methods and steps 1

Vanadium and titanium by the magnet after dressing enriched ore, refining by a blast furnace pig iron containing vanadium, atomization furnace or a converter blowing process to extract vanadium slag. The vanadium slag is pulverized and added with sodium salt (soda ash, salt or anhydrous thenardite ) for sodium sulphide roasting to make vanadium soluble sodium metavanadate (NaVO3). After leaching and purification, ammonium sulfate is added to precipitate polyvanadate. Ammonium [(NH4)2V6O16], which is then deaminated and melted to form flake vanadium pentoxide. The required components are V2O 597 to 99%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.05%, and Na2O + K2O < 1.5%. In addition, vanadium pentoxide is extracted directly from the vanadium-bearing iron concentrate or the vanadium-bearing carbonaceous shale by chemical treatment. The following describes several extraction methods

Electrothermal method

The flaky vanadium pentoxide is prepared by using 75% ferrosilicon and a small amount of aluminum as a reducing agent in a basic electric arc furnace through two stages of reduction and refining. During the reduction period, all the reducing agent of one furnace and 60-70% of the total amount of vanadium pentoxide pentoxide are charged into the electric furnace, and the silicon thermal reduction is performed under the high calcium oxide slag. When the V2O5 in the slag is less than 0.35%, the slag is discharged (referred to as lean slag, which can be discarded or used as building materials) and transferred to the refining period. In this case, vanadium pentoxide flake and added lime to remove excess liquid alloy of silicon, aluminum and the like, once the alloy composition to meet the requirements, an iron alloy to slag. The slag released in the later stage of refining is called slag-rich (including V2O5 up to 8-12%), and is returned to use when the next furnace starts to feed. The alloy liquid is generally cast into a cylindrical ingot, which is finished after cooling, demoulding, crushing and slag removal. This method is generally used for smelting of vanadium iron containing 40 to 60% of vanadium. The recovery rate of vanadium is up to 98%. The electricity consumption per ton of ferrovanadium is about 1600 kWh.

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